SECTARIAN SCOTLAND : Reports on prison population show Scotland’s justice system jails MORE Catholics than Northern Ireland

Following on the heels of a study commissioned by the Scottish Parliament’s Petitions Committee into the disproportionate imprisonment of Roman Catholics in Scotland, which confirmed suspicions there are higher numbers of Catholics in Scottish jails than from other sections of the community, Scottish anti-sectarian campaigners today claim the Scottish justice system is jailing more Catholics in comparison to the rest of the population than even in Northern Ireland.

The claims come after a new report on the religious breakdown of the prison population in Northern Ireland confirmed a disproportionate number of Catholics are behind bars in Northern Ireland, showing that while Catholics make up 44% of the general population, around 55% of inmates are drawn from the Catholic community.

The new report from the Northern Ireland Prison Service, available for download here : Owers review of the Northern Ireland Prison Service.pdf (PDF 670 KB) if taken in comparison with the report prepared for the Scottish Parliament by Dr Susan Wiltshire, available for download here OFFENDER DEMOGRAPHICS AND SENTENCING PATTERNS IN SCOTLAND & UK does appear to show via the statistics that Scotland’s justice system appears to be jailing more Catholics than Northern Ireland.

The prospect Scotland’s justice system is itself sectarian in its verdicts & sentencing will make grim reading for First Minister Alex Salmond and the Scottish Government’s latest plans to combat sectarian offences at football matches and attacks on other minorities via the Offensive Behaviour at Football and Threatening Communications (Scotland) Bill, which features in earlier coverage HERE

Speaking today to Scottish Law Reporter, the petitioner of Petition PE 1073, Thomas Minogue said : “The reported disproportionate number of RC‘s in prison in Northern Ireland is troubling; as is the fact that they seem to be treated more harshly once in prison. Given Northern Ireland’s troubled history where the Unionist, and mainly Protestant majority have until recently quite openly practised discrimination against the RC and mainly Nationalist population these stats are hardly surprising.

However things are changing in Northern Ireland and the two communities who have fought each other for hundreds of years are now working together to build bridges, and this is reflected in the concern voiced in the Report at the prison statistics and the determination of the NI government to examine and learn from this imbalance.

Contrast this with Scotland where since 2001 when the much worse disproportionate figures for RC’s—showing them twice as likely to be imprisoned as their Protestant peers—were first highlighted by Pauline McNeil MSP. Since 2001, and despite the then Justice Minister Jim Wallace promising to investigate this, nothing has been done.

In fact it is worse than that and having gone through the motions of examining my petition (PE 1073 Link) on this subject—which also included the equally disproportionate number of Muslims in Scottish prisons—the Scottish Parliament has decided to take no action on this shameful reflection on the Scottish justice system.

The highly-respected Ulsterman, Kenny Shiels, the Kilmarnock FC Manger, recently stated that sectarianism in Scotland is worse than in Northern Ireland, and these figures would seem to show that discrimination against RC’s in the justice system is also worse here than “over the water”.

Following on from the jury verdict on Neil Lennon’s attacker, what shame on the “best wee country in the world”.

Scottish Law Reporter previously reported on Dr Susan Wiltshire’s report, which the Scottish Parliament’s Petitions Committee had initially refused to publish but later met in secret, agreeing to publish, here : Report published by Holyrood Committee says justice system may be prejudiced against Catholics, confirms higher numbers in Scots jails. However it should be noted the Scottish Parliament have pulled all the links to the petition, the report and all discussion about the petition & its written submissions.

A REPORT commissioned & subsequently published by the Scottish Parliament's Petitions Committee in response to a public petition, has endorsed the view of the Catholic Church that Scotland’s justice system is still prejudiced against Catholics. Petition PE1073, by Mr Tom Minogue, calls for the Scottish Parliament to investigate and establish the reasons for the apparently disproportionate number of Catholics in Scottish prisons. Written submissions for Petition PE1073 can be found HERE

The research, undertaken by Dr Susan Wiltshire of Glasgow University for the Petitions Committee, can be downloaded from the Scottish Parliament’s website, here : Offender Demographics and Sentencing Patterns in Scotland and the UK: Research commissioned by the Public Petitions Committee in consideration of PE1073 (203KB pdf) (link has been updated with an online document)

Dr Wiltshire’s report confirmed there are a disproportionate number of Catholics in Scottish jails, concluding : “There is certainly no available research on sentencers’ attitudes to sentencing faith groups in Scotland, however, the statistics do confirm that there are a disproportionate number of Catholics in Scottish jails, which is especially pronounced in the west of Scotland, and further that this disproportionality is evident in long term sentence length.”

Here follows a report from the Mail on Sunday newspaper, Feb 06 2011

Church claims justice system is too harsh on Catholics

THE Catholic Church is demanding action from Scottish ministers after an academic endorsed its long-held view that followers still endure prejudice in Scotland.

A report commissioned by an influential Scottish parliament committee suggested there could be prejudice within the justice system - which may account for the disproportionate number of Catholics serving jail terms. The research paper was written by Dr Susan Wiltshire of Glasgow University for Holyrood's public petitions committee. The report's findings will be discussed by MSPs after May's Holyrood election.

Dr Wiltshire, an expert in criminal justice, was commissioned to produce the report after a petition submitted four years ago by Tom Minogue. The retired engineer from Dunfermline, Fife, was concerned about the disproportionate number of Catholics in Scottish jails. At that time, Catholics made up 13 per cent of the Scots population and 26 per cent of prisoners.

Some committee members have pointed out that Catholics tend to be over-represented in deprived areas with high crime rates. Data from the 2001 Census showed that Catholics were the largest religious group in Scotland's poorest neighbourhoods, with 19 per cent living in the 10 per cent most deprived areas, compared with 8 per cent of Church of Scotland members.

Dr Wiltshire said in her report: "The question should shift from asking why Catholics are disproportionately represented in Scottish jails to why so many Catholics continue to live in areas of deprivation in Scotland." She added: "Discriminatory and prejudiced attitudes continue to feature in Scots society. It might be expected that such attitudes could manifest in the criminal justice system, accounting in part for disproportionality."

Catholic Church spokesman Peter Kearney said the problem was rooted in past Irish immigration. He pointed out that Irish migrants who went to the US in the 1840s and 1850s achieved occupational and economic parity in 1901. But he added: "In Scotland, Irish immigrants achieved parity in 2001. It took another 100 years in this small country, where some, including most politicians, have insisted for years that we don't have a problem."

Last December, only three months after the Pope visited Scotland, Cardinal Keith O'Brien, head of the country's Catholics, warned that sectarianism was still limiting religious expression here. A Scottish Government spokesman said: "While we have a range of initiatives to tackle sectarianism,we are also working to support the whole of society and tackle poverty."

The Belfast Telegraph reports on the newly released report on Northern Ireland’s prison population, here :

'Disparity' in Catholic jail total

New figures on the religious breakdown of Northern Ireland's prison population have shown that a disproportionate number of Catholics are behind bars. A major review that recommended overhauling the prison system, also raised concerns over the monitoring of inmates' religion, race and disability. Figures compiled for the report showed that while Catholics make up 44% of the general population, around 55% of inmates are drawn from the Catholic community. The report said it could find no clear explanation for the disparity, but said it may be the case that there are higher numbers of Catholics among younger age brackets in Northern Ireland.

The figures showed that 56% of prisoners in Hydebank Wood Young Offender Centre were Catholic, while 54% of prisoners at Maghaberry prison were Catholic, with 56% of inmates in Magilligan being Catholic. Prisoners held on basic privileges, as opposed to enhanced status, were also more likely to be Catholic with a 74% figure for Hydebank, 66% in Maghaberry and 82% in Magilligan.

The report found: "Overall, Catholics were also disproportionately represented in matters relating to prison discipline - adjudication, use of force and segregation. "In Hydebank Wood and Maghaberry, Catholics were disproportionately unlikely, and Protestants disproportionately likely, to be granted temporary release, for healthcare, emergencies or resettlement reasons. "It also appears to be the case at Maghaberry that Catholic prisoners are over-represented in the poorer accommodation on the 'square houses' and Protestants over-represented in the newer and better units."

The review team said it was "very disappointing" that some of the discrepancies identified were also picked up in a report in 2008. It added: "But monitoring is pointless if it does not highlight problems and lead to action to investigate and if necessary rectify them. Given the importance of being able to demonstrate equal treatment in Northern Ireland, this is a significant gap."

Secret Sectarianism in Justice System ? Public Petition ‘was dumped’ by Holyrood MSPs to give Scottish Govt anti-sectarian bill an easy ride

MSPs closed sectarianism-in-justice-system petition so Scottish Govt’s anti-sectarian-at-football-matches bill faced less questions. LEGAL INSIDERS have today alleged a public petition lodged at the Scottish Parliament FOUR YEARS AGO by a retired businessmen, calling on Holyrood MSPs to “investigate and establish the reasons for the apparently disproportionate number of Catholics in Scottish prisons” may have been dumped on orders from the Scottish Government so the new anti-sectarian legislation currently being considered by the Scottish Parliament’s Justice Committee would not have to face questions the Justice system itself and many elements within it including the Police may be subject to sectarian elements.

Sources close to the Scottish Government indicated the petition in question, Petition PE 1073 which had been considered at numerous meetings of the Scottish Parliament’s Petitions Committee since first being lodged on 14 September 2007, gaining 131 signatures and significant levels of written representations had become a thorn in the side of the latest version of the current anti-sectarian bill, the Offensive Behaviour at Football and Threatening Communications (Scotland) Bill which is now going through the Justice Committee, principally being aimed at stopping sectarian behaviour at football matches in Scotland and online bigotry.

Scottish Parliament’s Equal Opportunities Committee ‘given orders' to dump petition to make way easier for Scottish Govt’s own anti-sectarian laws on football violence (click to watch video)

Scottish Law Reporter has already reported on the mess that is currently the Offensive Behaviour at Football and Threatening Communications (Scotland) Bill, where at one stage, it looked like singing “God Save The Queen” would be criminalised, while others wanted the bill to focus on homophobic issues, reported HERE

Sources indicated there was concern “at the most senior levels of the Scottish Government’s Justice Directorate” that a research report which was commissioned for the petition, could put the new bill in a sticky position because evidence from the report appears to suggest the justice system and decisions taken within it, from criminal charges to verdicts, sentencing and imprisonment may have evidence of sectarian bias.

A legal insider said earlier today : “Clearly the very fact the Justice system may itself be sectarian or have sectarian elements within it according to the report commissioned by MSPs, must be raised during the passage of the new legislation, otherwise we are going to be piling a poorly drafted sectarian bill onto a sectarian justice system.”

During the four year term of Petition PE 1073 at the Petitions Committee, msps widened the scope of the petition to include other ethnic minorities, and commissioned research by Dr Susan Wiltshire of the University of Glasgow who produced a final report backing up the petition’s claims. However upon receiving Dr Wiltshire’s completed report, the Petitions Committee considered keeping its findings secret and withholding publication. However, after a private meeting, the Committee agreed to meet again and the report was finally published, four days before Christmas on 21 December 2010.

Dr Wiltshire’s report confirmed there are a disproportionate number of Catholics in Scottish jails, concluding : “There is certainly no available research on sentencers’ attitudes to sentencing faith groups in Scotland, however, the statistics do confirm that there are a disproportionate number of Catholics in Scottish jails, which is especially pronounced in the west of Scotland, and further that this disproportionality is evident in long term sentence length.”

The research, undertaken by Dr Susan Wiltshire of Glasgow University for the Petitions Committee, can viewed online or downloaded from Scottish Law Reporter, here : Offender Demographics and Sentencing Patterns in Scotland and the UK: Research commissioned by the Public Petitions Committee in consideration of PE1073 (203KB pdf)

Participants in the debate on the petition and legal observers had expected the Petitions Committee to send Petition 1073 onto the Justice Committee, particularly in the light of recent events where letter bombs were sent to figures associated with Celtic Football Club amid a rash of sectarian incidents across Scotland.

However, on 28 June 2011, instead of sending the petition onto the Justice Committee, the Petitions Committee bizarrely referred the petition to the Scottish Parliament’s “Equal Opportunities Committee”, who after a brief debate promptly closed the petition, stating : “The Committee noted the findings of recent research showing that more than one faith group was affected in this way and drawing a link to deprivation. The Committee agreed to close the petition and to write to the Scottish Government inviting it to conduct further research on the link between deprivation and regional imbalances in the prison population.”

A legal source commenting on the '”well timed” closure of the controversial petition said : “Well how do you think it will look if some people start asking the judiciary, the Police and the Crown Office why some people who are locked up appear to be there on account of anti-catholic, anti-muslim or some other form of prejudice in the justice system itself ?”

He continued : “It might start to look like people were being prosecuted and judges were locking them up just because they didn’t like their religion or race. It wouldn’t be much good giving the justice system new anti-sectarian laws to throw people in jail if the people in the justice system were already taking decisions on cases based on their own sectarian prejudices, would it. That's why this petition was shut down.”

This past weekend, an interview in the Sunday Mail newspaper reported how a former Strathclyde Police detective was shocked by bigotry in the Police Force. An excerpt from the Sunday Mail article states : FORMER detective Gerry Gallacher yesterday described how he was sickened by a senior officer’s casual bigotry after an Old Firm game. In his book, Gallacher, a Catholic, describes a ­Monday morning briefing at a Glasgow police station after Celtic had won the league in May 2001.

A Rangers-supporting detective inspector announced to the room that there were “a lot of Catholics locked up at the weekend”. Gallacher was disgusted because he worked and played football with the senior officer over many years and did not realise he was a bigot.

He added: “I was also disappointed that no one spoke out at the time. “I don’t care about someone’s religion or orientation, so long as they can do the job. That is the most important thing.”

After the incident, disillusioned Gallacher was granted a transfer to Coatbridge police station, in Lanarkshire. The dad-of-two had declined an offer to join the Masons earlier in his police career. He believes that other officers were promoted thanks to their membership of the secret organisation.

The Vatican has ruled that Catholics should not join the society, which the church regards as un-Christian. Gallacher said: “Some of the best officers I worked with were Masons. “But they do have the power to affect progression in the police.”

Speaking today to Scottish Law Reporter, the Petitioner, Mr Tom Minogue said : “Four years ago today I lodged my petition PE 1073 with the Scottish Parliament to investigate and establish the reasons for the apparently disproportionate number of Catholics in Scottish prisons.”

“I did so because over 6 years before this, in January 2001, Jim Wallace, then Justice Minister, had promised to investigate the anomaly raised by Pauline McNeill MSP that Catholics were twice as likely to end up in prison as their Protestant peers; but Jim Wallace never kept his promise. In the 3+ years that the petition was with the PPC there was little more than an hour of public debate on the petition and it was obvious to see that the members were dealing with an issue they were not comfortable with. It was as if they were handling a parcel of rotten fish keen to pass it on to someone else.”

“The obvious distaste that members of the PPC found in dealing with this topic was exacerbated when the PPC passed the parcel to an expert on the matter, Dr Susan Wiltshire of Leeds University. The good doctor’s diagnosis was that this imbalance might be caused by anti-Irish racism or sectarianism in the justice system and further research was needed to establish the causes. This was too much for the PPC and as a last act in the previous session of parliament and with elections looming they passed the parcel on to the next session of parliament, referring it to the to the Equal Opportunities Committee (EO) instead of the Justice Committee where it should, as a justice matter have went.”

“The EO like their predecessors found this petition a distasteful matter and yesterday after 11.48 minutes (from 48min 15sec to 60.03 on this tape) closed the petition on the basis that the reasons for the petition had been fulfilled. Now perhaps I am stupid, but as the person who asked the question “why are there so many RCs in prison” I cannot see where or by whom this question has been answered. Perhaps the EO committee thinks that RCs have more than an equal opportunity to experience the inside of Scottish prisons?”

“Scotland and our justice system is under world-wide scrutiny because of the bombs sent to Neil Lennon and other Irish or Irish descended RCs and the astonishing jury decision in the sectarian attack on Neil Lennon yet the politicians choose not to examine apparent evidence of societal anti-Irish/RC bias. Instead our last two justice ministers and a host of MSPs keep repeating the mantra “there is no evidence of bias in our justice system” without having the guts to examine this anomaly that their own commissioned expert reported might exist and needed further research.”

“The research Dr Wiltshire suggested might have looked into the membership of organisations such as the Orange Order or Freemasons, groups hostile to RCs and Muslims, among members of our justice system that would explain—or go some way towards explaining—the disproportionate number of RCs in prison. Research might have found that juries are selected from the Old Boys network and this might have explained the Edinburgh jury’s verdict in the Neil Lennon assault case if research found they all belonged to the same lodge.”

“So where do I go from here? I will ask the Convenor of the EO to give me a clear answer to my question in one sentence. “What is the reason for the disproportionate number of RCs and Muslims in Scottish prisons?” I expect to get a long winded answer about criminality in socially deprived areas with large RC/Muslim populations. This will probably lead me on to my next petition; “why are RCs/Muslims disproportionately represented in Scottish slums.” Or “why, one and a half centuries after the potato famine are the Irish Scots still living in slums”

No msps offered comment on the claims in this article.The Scottish Government has also given no comment.

Report published by Holyrood Committee says justice system may be prejudiced against Catholics, confirms higher numbers in Scots jails

Little mentioned report for MSPs confirms Scottish Justice system is anti-catholic A REPORT commissioned & subsequently published by the Scottish Parliament's Petitions Committee in response to a public petition, has endorsed the view of the Catholic Church that Scotland’s justice system is still prejudiced against Catholics. Petition PE1073, by Mr Tom Minogue, calls for the Scottish Parliament to investigate and establish the reasons for the apparently disproportionate number of Catholics in Scottish prisons. Written submissions for Petition PE1073 can be found HERE

The research, undertaken by Dr Susan Wiltshire of Glasgow University for the Petitions Committee, can be viewed online or downloaded from Scottish Law Reporter, here : Offender Demographics and Sentencing Patterns in Scotland and the UK: Research commissioned by the Public Petitions Committee in consideration of PE1073 (203KB pdf)

Dr Wiltshire’s report confirmed there are a disproportionate number of Catholics in Scottish jails, concluding : “There is certainly no available research on sentencers’ attitudes to sentencing faith groups in Scotland, however, the statistics do confirm that there are a disproportionate number of Catholics in Scottish jails, which is especially pronounced in the west of Scotland, and further that this disproportionality is evident in long term sentence length.”

Here follows a report from the Mail on Sunday newspaper, Feb 06 2011

Church claims justice system is too harsh on Catholics

THE Catholic Church is demanding action from Scottish ministers after an academic endorsed its long-held view that followers still endure prejudice in Scotland.

A report commissioned by an influential Scottish parliament committee suggested there could be prejudice within the justice system - which may account for the disproportionate number of Catholics serving jail terms.

The research paper was written by Dr Susan Wiltshire of Glasgow University for Holyrood's public petitions committee.

The report's findings will be discussed by MSPs after May's Holyrood election.

Dr Wiltshire, an expert in criminal justice, was commissioned to produce the report after a petition submitted four years ago by Tom Minogue. The retired engineer from Dunfermline, Fife, was concerned about the disproportionate number of Catholics in Scottish jails. At that time, Catholics made up 13 per cent of the Scots population and 26 per cent of prisoners.

Some committee members have pointed out that Catholics tend to be over-represented in deprived areas with high crime rates. Data from the 2001 Census showed that Catholics were the largest religious group in Scotland's poorest neighbourhoods, with 19 per cent living in the 10 per cent most deprived areas, compared with 8 per cent of Church of Scotland members.

Dr Wiltshire said in her report: "The question should shift from asking why Catholics are disproportionately represented in Scottish jails to why so many Catholics continue to live in areas of deprivation in Scotland."

She added: "Discriminatory and prejudiced attitudes continue to feature in Scots society. It might be expected that such attitudes could manifest in the criminal justice system, accounting in part for disproportionality."

Catholic Church spokesman Peter Kearney said the problem was rooted in past Irish immigration.

He pointed out that Irish migrants who went to the US in the 1840s and 1850s achieved occupational and economic parity in 1901.

But he added: "In Scotland, Irish immigrants achieved parity in 2001. It took another 100 years in this small country, where some, including most politicians, have insisted for years that we don't have a problem."

Last December, only three months after the Pope visited Scotland, Cardinal Keith O'Brien, head of the country's Catholics, warned that sectarianism was still limiting religious expression here.

A Scottish Government spokesman said: "While we have a range of initiatives to tackle sectarianism,we are also working to support the whole of society and tackle poverty."